Osteoporosis

About one fourth of American women have or will develop osteoporosis, a condition caused by loss in bone mass and bone strength. Bones become weak and brittle making them more prone to fracture. Any bone can be affected by osteoporosis, however, the hips, wrist and spine are the most common sites. A woman reaches her peak bone mass between 25-35 years of age. Risk Factors Women are four times more likely to develop osteoporosis than men. The main cause of osteoporosis in women is the lack of the hormone estrogen, which our bodies stop producing at menopause. Women are also at greater risk if they:

Have a small, thin frame, or are Caucasian or Asian

Have a family history of osteoporosis

Are postmenopausal

Have had an early or surgically-induced menopause

Lack calcium and vitamin D in their diet

Have an inactive lifestyle

Have previously taken excessive thyroid medication or high doses of cortisone-like drugs for asthma, arthritis, or cancer

Smoke

Use alcohol excessively

Prevention Osteoporosis is a "silent disease" because it can progress without any noticeable signs or symptoms. It can only be prevented because reversing the disease is rarely possible. Protection against osteoporosis should begin early in life and good nutrition is a basic tool in the prevention of osteoporosis. A life-long, well-balanced diet that includes generous amounts of calcium-rich foods and vitamin D, which helps your body absorb calcium, is the best protection. Before menopause, a woman's minimum daily requirement of calcium is 800mg; during menopause - 1,200 mg; and after menopause - 1,500mg. Weight-bearing exercises such as walking and jogging are also crucial to maintaining or building bone mass. Postmenopausal women and those whose ovaries have been surgically removed may also need estrogen replacement to protect against bone loss. Tests If it has been determined that you are at risk for osteoporosis, you may need further evaluation. Sahara Test: This non-invasive painless procedure uses high frequency sound waves that are passed through the heel. Bone density is estimated from the characteristics of the sound waves and gives immediate results. Dexa Test: this test analyzes bone density with a small dose radiation scan of the hip, spine and/or forearm. Test results are immediate, also. With the information obtained in either test, steps for prevention or treatment can be decided. Click here for more information on the Sanford Breast & Bone Health Institute.