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HIV and AIDS: Who Is Affected

Topic Overview

HIV and AIDS can affect anyone. Worldwide, an estimated 33 million people are living with HIV or AIDS.1 In the United States, more than a million people are infected with HIV.3 Many of these people do not know they are infected.

Since the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) became widespread in 1996, the incidence of AIDS has decreased. Factors responsible for the decline in the incidence of new AIDS cases include:2

  • Fewer people are becoming infected with HIV today than in the early 1980s.
  • Improved treatments for HIV infection. HAART slows the rate at which HIV multiplies in the body. This helps keep a person's immune system healthy longer, which may slow the rate at which opportunistic diseases (such as pneumonia) develop.
  • More effective treatments are available to prevent HIV-related infections.

References

Citations

  1. United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), World Health Organization (WHO) (2009). AIDS Epidemic Update: December 2009. Available online: http://data.unaids.org/pub/Report/2009/JC1700_Epi_Update_2009_en.pdf.
  2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2008). HIV transmission rates in the United States—CDC Fact Sheet. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/resources/factsheets/pdf/transmission.pdf.
  3. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2008). HIV prevalence estimates—United States, 2006. MMWR, 57(39): 1073–1076.

Credits

By Healthwise Staff
Primary Medical Reviewer E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine
Specialist Medical Reviewer Peter Shalit, MD, PhD - Internal Medicine
Last Revised April 8, 2010

Last Revised: April 8, 2010

Author: Healthwise Staff

Medical Review: E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine & Peter Shalit, MD, PhD - Internal Medicine

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